Interview questions
First round :
What is local inventory and global inventory?
What is Global Inventory ?
Global Inventory holds information about Oracle Products on a Machine. These products can be various oracle components like database, oracle application server, collaboration suite, soa suite, forms & reports or discoverer server . This global Inventory location will be determined by file oraInst.loc in /etc (on Linux) or /var/opt/oracle (solaris). If you want to see list of oracle products on machine check for file inventory.xml under ContentsXML in oraInventory
What is Local Inventory ?
Inventory inside each Oracle Home is called as local Inventory or oracle_home Inventory. This Inventory holds information to that oracle_home only.
How to enable archivelog?
To turn the database into archivelog mode we have to keep the database in mount state then issue the below :
SQL>alter database archivelog;
How to enable flashback?
Note : To keep your db into flashback mode your db should be running in archivelog mode.
Like archivelog mode keep the db in mount state the issue the below :
SQL>alter database flashback ON;
What is incremental back up in rman?
Level 0 and Level 1 Incremental Backups
Incremental backups can be either level 0 or level 1. A level 0 incremental backup, which is the base for subsequent incremental backups, copies all blocks containing data, backing the datafile up into a backup set just as a full backup would. The only difference between a level 0 incremental backup and a full backup is that a full backup is never included in an incremental strategy.
A level 1 incremental backup can be either of the following types:
• A differential backup, which backs up all blocks changed after the most recent incremental backup at level 1 or 0
• A cumulative backup, which backs up all blocks changed after the most recent incremental backup at level 0
Incremental backups are differential by default.
Note:
Cumulative backups are preferable to differential backups when recovery time is more important than disk space, because during recovery each differential backup must be applied in succession. Use cumulative incremental backups instead of differential, if enough disk space is available to store cumulative incremental backups.
Package name to clean up fnd_nodes?
Fnd_conc_clone.setup_clean
SQL> EXEC FND_CONC_CLONE.SETUP_CLEAN;
COMMIT;
EXIT;
It will delete all old data from the table. Run AutoConfig on all tiers, firstly on the DB tier and then the APPS tiers to repopulate the required system tables.
Note : When EXEC FND_CONC_CLONE.SETUP_CLEAN is executed various tables are purged.
To know which tables are purged/cleaned we can view $FND_TOP/patch/115/sql/AFCPCLNB.pls
Ebs architecture and its components?
In EBS R12, various servers or services are distributed among the following three levels, or tiers.
• The Desktop Tier
• The Application Tier
• The Database Tier
Oracle E-Business Suite Release 12 Architecture
1] The Desktop Tier
The client interface is provided through HTML for HTML-based applications, and via a Java applet in a Web browser for the traditional Forms-based applications.
In Oracle Applications Release 12, each user logs in to Oracle Applications through the E-Business Suite Home Page on a desktop client web browser. The E-Business Suite Home Page provides a single point of access to HTML-based applications, Forms-based applications, andBusiness Intelligence applications.
Oracle JInitiator will no longer be required to run Oracle Forms in E-Business Suite Release 12. Oracle Forms in Release 12 will run directly in the native Sun Java2 Standard Edition plug-in.
The Forms client applet is a general-purpose presentation applet that supports all Oracle Applications Forms-based products, including those with customizations and extensions. The Forms client applet is packaged as a collection of Java Archive (JAR) files. The JAR files contain all Java classes required to run the presentation layer of Oracle Applications forms.
2] The Application Tier
The application tier has a dual role: hosting the various servers and service groups that process the business logic, and managing communication between the desktop tier and the database tier. This tier is sometimes referred to as the middle tier.
Four servers or service groups comprise the basic application tier for Oracle Applications:
• Web services
• Forms services
• Concurrent Processing server
• Admin server
3] The Database Tier
The database tier contains the Oracle database server, which stores all the data maintained by Oracle Applications. The database also stores the Oracle Applications online help information. More specifically, the database tier contains the Oracle data server files and Oracle Applications database executables that physically store the tables, indexes, and other databaseobjects for your system. The database server does not communicate directly with the desktop clients, but rather with the servers on the application tier, which mediate the communications between the database server and the clients.
How to clone using RMAN?
Cloning can be done in two ways :
Active duplication method
Backup and restore method
How to enable autoconfig?
Enable Autoconfig in New Oracle Home
Autoconfig will not be enabled on the database tier when
1.Database tier not created by Rapid Install
2.Cross platform migration of the database tier
3.Upgrading to 11g Database
4.Upgrading the database tier from Applications 11i to E-Business Suite Release 12
Confirm if latest autoconfig patch is applied on apps Tier
If your instance is on 12.0.X and is not upgraded to 10.1.3.3 AS patchset, Patch 4585869 needs to be applied in order to use the adbldxml utility.
Copy AutoConfig to the RDBMS ORACLE_HOME
Log in to the APPL_TOP environment (source the environment file)
Create appsutil.zip file
perl AD_TOP/bin/admkappsutil.pl
This will create appsutil.zip in INST_TOP/admin/out
On the database tier (as the ORACLE user)
Copy or FTP the appsutil.zip file to the RDBMS ORACLE_HOME
cd RDBMS ORACLE_HOME
unzip -o appsutil.zip
Run AutoConfig on the database tier and then on the applications tier
Download Jre from
http://java.sun.com/javase/downloads/index_jdk5.jsp
Install JRE on the Database tier
under ORACLE_HOME/appsutil directory created in above step.
Jre is required by adbldxml.pl to build the context_name.xml for database
cd [ORACLE_HOME]/appsutil/
mkdir jre
cd jre
Install the downloaded latest update of JRE 5.0
./jre_xxx_xxx.bin
As the apps tier jdk is on jdk 5 version ,
I decided to install the same version on db Tier
and later as part of the JDk upgrade I willl upgrade both the tiers to JDK 6 as required for the APPS upgrade.
I have tried copying the jre directory from 10g Oracle_home which worked fine.
Generate the Database Context File
perl RDBMS_ORACLE_HOME/appsutil/bin/adbldxml.pl
Run Autoconfig.
This builds the context_name.env file required by Apps Database under RDBMS_ORACLE_HOME.
$ tnsping SID
from apps tier to confirm the connectivity of database.
What is the new background process introduced in terms of memory management in oracle 11g?
MMON & MMNL – Manageability Monitor and Manageability Monitor Lite
MMON performs tasks related to AWR such as taking snapshots, capturing statistics value for recently modified SQL objects and writes when a metric violates its threshold value.
MMNL writes statistics from the Active Session History (ASH) buffer in the SGA to disk. MMNL writes to disk when the ASH buffer is full.
MMAN – Memory Manager
Responsible for managing instance memory based on the workloads.
Note : above background processes are introduces in 10g itself which still can be used in 11g also.
How clone from multi node to single node?
Two Node to Single Node
Two Node to Single Node is a interesting concept, if the db and application is separate
then Two Node to Single Node is very simple, you copy db first and application second.
In the below example where application tier is present in both the nodes then is becomes
challenging. Most of companies need it, there production environment is very complex
but they cannot give the same in the development for patches and testing purposes. I have
seen a environment where they have 4 node E-business system running on RAC but they
have single node for patching, testing etc.
This configuration is not supported by Oracle but his been tested in our environment,
unless tested properly don’t apply in production; this site is not responsible for any data
loss.
Here are the steps.
1> DB,cps, admin on one node
2> Web and forms on second node
3> Run preclone on second node - WEB/FORMS
4> Update snapshot on both nodes, web first (optional)
5> copy visappl/viscomn/visora to the first node (db node) in new directory
6> Remove viscomn/visora in the first node (db node)
7> Merge appltop
scp -rp visappl/* /d01/oracle/visappl (no prompt)
8> cp viscomn/visora to /d01/oracle/
9> Run Postclone on the DB node (application tier)
10> Open application xml file and change all parameters "Yes"
<TIER_DB oa_var="s_isDB">YES</TIER_DB>
<TIER_ADMIN oa_var="s_isAdmin">YES</TIER_ADMIN>
<TIER_WEB oa_var="s_isWeb">YES</TIER_WEB>
<TIER_FORMS oa_var="s_isForms">YES</TIER_FORMS>
<TIER_NODE oa_var="s_isConc">YES</TIER_NODE>
<TIER_FORMSDEV oa_var="s_isFormsDev">YES</TIER_FORMSDEV>
<TIER_NODEDEV oa_var="s_isConcDev">YES</TIER_NODEDEV>
<TIER_WEBDEV oa_var="s_isWebDev">YES</TIER_WEBDEV>
<TIER_ADADMIN oa_var="s_isAdAdmin">YES</TIER_ADADMIN>
<TIER_ADNODE oa_var="s_isAdConc">YES</TIER_ADNODE>
<TIER_ADNODEDEV oa_var="s_isAdConcDev">YES</TIER_ADNODEDEV>
<oa_process_status oa_var="s_apcstatus">enabled</oa_process_status>
<oa_process_status oa_var="s_concstatus">enabled</oa_process_status>
11> Run AutoConfig
For the below I could not get exact answers, so I am just listing out the questions alone.
What is your backup strategies?
What will you do if you get 404 not found error?
Patching naming convention?
Second Round :
What was your role in this implementation project?
what are the issues you faced in installation?
what will you do if an adpatch is taking longer time than usual? (for ex. one hour running patch is taking 2 hrs to rum?
what will you do if form services are not working?
if apps performance is slow what will you do?
what will you do if a system tbls during cfgclone?
when conc requests are hanging what will you do to submit new requests?
what are the issues faced in middle tier during upgrade?
what will you do if conc services are not running?
what is inst top?
tell me steps in ebs r12 installation?
when adpreclone is running should db up?
how will you clone? issues you faced?
diff between fnd_conc_clone.setup_clean and cmclean?
when you clone what are all directories you copy?
what tools do you use migrate code?
*************************************************************
First round :
Diff between local and global inventory?
Rman cloning?
how to export histograms from one db to another db?
if a concurrent is in peding standby state, will that session will be active in os level?
will adpatch take a backup of existing files?
If you get a slow running query what will you do from your end?
concurrent request name which purges concurrent request? and parameters?
DG modes?
What are three mandatory parameters in goldengate?
what is the disadvantage of applying hotpatch?
backup strategy? what are diff types of incremental backups?
how will you do upgrade from 12.0.4 to 12.1.1?
sleep seconds in cache size in concurrent?
if you installed a new service how will you register in client side?
your faced issues??
what does adpatch do?
adadmin and various options?
what rapidclone does and what is dbtechstack?
First round :
What is local inventory and global inventory?
What is Global Inventory ?
Global Inventory holds information about Oracle Products on a Machine. These products can be various oracle components like database, oracle application server, collaboration suite, soa suite, forms & reports or discoverer server . This global Inventory location will be determined by file oraInst.loc in /etc (on Linux) or /var/opt/oracle (solaris). If you want to see list of oracle products on machine check for file inventory.xml under ContentsXML in oraInventory
What is Local Inventory ?
Inventory inside each Oracle Home is called as local Inventory or oracle_home Inventory. This Inventory holds information to that oracle_home only.
How to enable archivelog?
To turn the database into archivelog mode we have to keep the database in mount state then issue the below :
SQL>alter database archivelog;
How to enable flashback?
Note : To keep your db into flashback mode your db should be running in archivelog mode.
Like archivelog mode keep the db in mount state the issue the below :
SQL>alter database flashback ON;
What is incremental back up in rman?
Level 0 and Level 1 Incremental Backups
Incremental backups can be either level 0 or level 1. A level 0 incremental backup, which is the base for subsequent incremental backups, copies all blocks containing data, backing the datafile up into a backup set just as a full backup would. The only difference between a level 0 incremental backup and a full backup is that a full backup is never included in an incremental strategy.
A level 1 incremental backup can be either of the following types:
• A differential backup, which backs up all blocks changed after the most recent incremental backup at level 1 or 0
• A cumulative backup, which backs up all blocks changed after the most recent incremental backup at level 0
Incremental backups are differential by default.
Note:
Cumulative backups are preferable to differential backups when recovery time is more important than disk space, because during recovery each differential backup must be applied in succession. Use cumulative incremental backups instead of differential, if enough disk space is available to store cumulative incremental backups.
Package name to clean up fnd_nodes?
Fnd_conc_clone.setup_clean
SQL> EXEC FND_CONC_CLONE.SETUP_CLEAN;
COMMIT;
EXIT;
It will delete all old data from the table. Run AutoConfig on all tiers, firstly on the DB tier and then the APPS tiers to repopulate the required system tables.
Note : When EXEC FND_CONC_CLONE.SETUP_CLEAN is executed various tables are purged.
To know which tables are purged/cleaned we can view $FND_TOP/patch/115/sql/AFCPCLNB.pls
Ebs architecture and its components?
In EBS R12, various servers or services are distributed among the following three levels, or tiers.
• The Desktop Tier
• The Application Tier
• The Database Tier
Oracle E-Business Suite Release 12 Architecture
1] The Desktop Tier
The client interface is provided through HTML for HTML-based applications, and via a Java applet in a Web browser for the traditional Forms-based applications.
In Oracle Applications Release 12, each user logs in to Oracle Applications through the E-Business Suite Home Page on a desktop client web browser. The E-Business Suite Home Page provides a single point of access to HTML-based applications, Forms-based applications, andBusiness Intelligence applications.
Oracle JInitiator will no longer be required to run Oracle Forms in E-Business Suite Release 12. Oracle Forms in Release 12 will run directly in the native Sun Java2 Standard Edition plug-in.
The Forms client applet is a general-purpose presentation applet that supports all Oracle Applications Forms-based products, including those with customizations and extensions. The Forms client applet is packaged as a collection of Java Archive (JAR) files. The JAR files contain all Java classes required to run the presentation layer of Oracle Applications forms.
2] The Application Tier
The application tier has a dual role: hosting the various servers and service groups that process the business logic, and managing communication between the desktop tier and the database tier. This tier is sometimes referred to as the middle tier.
Four servers or service groups comprise the basic application tier for Oracle Applications:
• Web services
• Forms services
• Concurrent Processing server
• Admin server
3] The Database Tier
The database tier contains the Oracle database server, which stores all the data maintained by Oracle Applications. The database also stores the Oracle Applications online help information. More specifically, the database tier contains the Oracle data server files and Oracle Applications database executables that physically store the tables, indexes, and other databaseobjects for your system. The database server does not communicate directly with the desktop clients, but rather with the servers on the application tier, which mediate the communications between the database server and the clients.
How to clone using RMAN?
Cloning can be done in two ways :
Active duplication method
Backup and restore method
How to enable autoconfig?
Enable Autoconfig in New Oracle Home
Autoconfig will not be enabled on the database tier when
1.Database tier not created by Rapid Install
2.Cross platform migration of the database tier
3.Upgrading to 11g Database
4.Upgrading the database tier from Applications 11i to E-Business Suite Release 12
Confirm if latest autoconfig patch is applied on apps Tier
If your instance is on 12.0.X and is not upgraded to 10.1.3.3 AS patchset, Patch 4585869 needs to be applied in order to use the adbldxml utility.
Copy AutoConfig to the RDBMS ORACLE_HOME
Log in to the APPL_TOP environment (source the environment file)
Create appsutil.zip file
perl AD_TOP/bin/admkappsutil.pl
This will create appsutil.zip in INST_TOP/admin/out
On the database tier (as the ORACLE user)
Copy or FTP the appsutil.zip file to the RDBMS ORACLE_HOME
cd RDBMS ORACLE_HOME
unzip -o appsutil.zip
Run AutoConfig on the database tier and then on the applications tier
Download Jre from
http://java.sun.com/javase/downloads/index_jdk5.jsp
Install JRE on the Database tier
under ORACLE_HOME/appsutil directory created in above step.
Jre is required by adbldxml.pl to build the context_name.xml for database
cd [ORACLE_HOME]/appsutil/
mkdir jre
cd jre
Install the downloaded latest update of JRE 5.0
./jre_xxx_xxx.bin
As the apps tier jdk is on jdk 5 version ,
I decided to install the same version on db Tier
and later as part of the JDk upgrade I willl upgrade both the tiers to JDK 6 as required for the APPS upgrade.
I have tried copying the jre directory from 10g Oracle_home which worked fine.
Generate the Database Context File
perl RDBMS_ORACLE_HOME/appsutil/bin/adbldxml.pl
Run Autoconfig.
This builds the context_name.env file required by Apps Database under RDBMS_ORACLE_HOME.
$ tnsping SID
from apps tier to confirm the connectivity of database.
What is the new background process introduced in terms of memory management in oracle 11g?
MMON & MMNL – Manageability Monitor and Manageability Monitor Lite
MMON performs tasks related to AWR such as taking snapshots, capturing statistics value for recently modified SQL objects and writes when a metric violates its threshold value.
MMNL writes statistics from the Active Session History (ASH) buffer in the SGA to disk. MMNL writes to disk when the ASH buffer is full.
MMAN – Memory Manager
Responsible for managing instance memory based on the workloads.
Note : above background processes are introduces in 10g itself which still can be used in 11g also.
How clone from multi node to single node?
Two Node to Single Node
Two Node to Single Node is a interesting concept, if the db and application is separate
then Two Node to Single Node is very simple, you copy db first and application second.
In the below example where application tier is present in both the nodes then is becomes
challenging. Most of companies need it, there production environment is very complex
but they cannot give the same in the development for patches and testing purposes. I have
seen a environment where they have 4 node E-business system running on RAC but they
have single node for patching, testing etc.
This configuration is not supported by Oracle but his been tested in our environment,
unless tested properly don’t apply in production; this site is not responsible for any data
loss.
Here are the steps.
1> DB,cps, admin on one node
2> Web and forms on second node
3> Run preclone on second node - WEB/FORMS
4> Update snapshot on both nodes, web first (optional)
5> copy visappl/viscomn/visora to the first node (db node) in new directory
6> Remove viscomn/visora in the first node (db node)
7> Merge appltop
scp -rp visappl/* /d01/oracle/visappl (no prompt)
8> cp viscomn/visora to /d01/oracle/
9> Run Postclone on the DB node (application tier)
10> Open application xml file and change all parameters "Yes"
<TIER_DB oa_var="s_isDB">YES</TIER_DB>
<TIER_ADMIN oa_var="s_isAdmin">YES</TIER_ADMIN>
<TIER_WEB oa_var="s_isWeb">YES</TIER_WEB>
<TIER_FORMS oa_var="s_isForms">YES</TIER_FORMS>
<TIER_NODE oa_var="s_isConc">YES</TIER_NODE>
<TIER_FORMSDEV oa_var="s_isFormsDev">YES</TIER_FORMSDEV>
<TIER_NODEDEV oa_var="s_isConcDev">YES</TIER_NODEDEV>
<TIER_WEBDEV oa_var="s_isWebDev">YES</TIER_WEBDEV>
<TIER_ADADMIN oa_var="s_isAdAdmin">YES</TIER_ADADMIN>
<TIER_ADNODE oa_var="s_isAdConc">YES</TIER_ADNODE>
<TIER_ADNODEDEV oa_var="s_isAdConcDev">YES</TIER_ADNODEDEV>
<oa_process_status oa_var="s_apcstatus">enabled</oa_process_status>
<oa_process_status oa_var="s_concstatus">enabled</oa_process_status>
11> Run AutoConfig
For the below I could not get exact answers, so I am just listing out the questions alone.
What is your backup strategies?
What will you do if you get 404 not found error?
Patching naming convention?
Second Round :
What was your role in this implementation project?
what are the issues you faced in installation?
what will you do if an adpatch is taking longer time than usual? (for ex. one hour running patch is taking 2 hrs to rum?
what will you do if form services are not working?
if apps performance is slow what will you do?
what will you do if a system tbls during cfgclone?
when conc requests are hanging what will you do to submit new requests?
what are the issues faced in middle tier during upgrade?
what will you do if conc services are not running?
what is inst top?
tell me steps in ebs r12 installation?
when adpreclone is running should db up?
how will you clone? issues you faced?
diff between fnd_conc_clone.setup_clean and cmclean?
when you clone what are all directories you copy?
what tools do you use migrate code?
*************************************************************
First round :
Diff between local and global inventory?
Rman cloning?
how to export histograms from one db to another db?
if a concurrent is in peding standby state, will that session will be active in os level?
will adpatch take a backup of existing files?
If you get a slow running query what will you do from your end?
concurrent request name which purges concurrent request? and parameters?
DG modes?
What are three mandatory parameters in goldengate?
what is the disadvantage of applying hotpatch?
backup strategy? what are diff types of incremental backups?
how will you do upgrade from 12.0.4 to 12.1.1?
sleep seconds in cache size in concurrent?
if you installed a new service how will you register in client side?
your faced issues??
what does adpatch do?
adadmin and various options?
what rapidclone does and what is dbtechstack?
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